赣南狮吼山硫铁多金属矿区花岗岩地球化学、年代学特征及其成因     

贺根文  路思明  彭琳琳  于长琦  李伟  刘翠辉 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2020,50(5):1491-1504

狮吼山矿区是江西省内规模最大的矽卡岩型硫铁多金属矿床，伴生W、Cu、Au多种成矿元素，成矿作用与矿区出露的茶山迳复式花岗岩体有关。岩体主要包括茶山迳似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩和莲湖细粒二长花岗岩两期，为研究成矿岩体的侵位时代、岩石成因及与成矿的关系，本次工作进行了U-Pb锆石定年、岩相学和岩石地球化学等测试分析。结果表明：岩体具有高硅、高钾、富铝的特征，属高钾钙碱性系列花岗岩；轻重稀土元素分馏明显，均为右倾型，弱Eu负异常，以富集Cs、Rb、Th、U、Pb，亏损Ba、Nb、Sr、和Ti等元素为主要特征，属于低Ba-Sr壳源花岗岩类；锆石具较好晶形，具典型岩浆锆石特征，利用LA-ICP-MS进行U-Pb测年，获得谐和年龄为（162.4±0.6）Ma（MSWD=1.8），加权平均年龄为（162.4±1.4）Ma（MSWD=1.4），谐和年龄与加权平均年龄在误差范围内高度一致，表明茶山迳复式岩体侵位于燕山早期中侏罗世；综合考虑岩体矿物组合、主微量元素及高分异特征，认为其成因分类应属于S型花岗岩；对比中国花岗岩成矿元素平均含量，茶山迳两期花岗岩均具有较高的W、Mo、Bi、Pb等成矿元素含量，可同时为成矿作用提供热源、流体及物质。  相似文献   

A shift in eruption mode of Hekla volcano,Iceland, 3000 years ago: two-coloured Hekla tephra series,characteristics, dispersal and age     

GUDRÚN LARSEN  Bryndís G. Róbertsdóttir  Bergrún A. Óladóttir  JÓN EIRÍKSSON 《第四纪科学杂志》2020,35(1-2):143-154

Hekla volcano is a major producer of large, widespread silicic tephras. About 3000 years ago, the dominant eruption mode shifted from infrequent large (>1 km³) to more frequent moderate (<1 km³) eruptions. In the following two millennia ≥20 explosive silicic-to-intermediate eruptions occurred, and six or more basaltic. Three categories can be identified with dacite/andesite to basaltic andesite in the oldest eruptions through basaltic andesite to basalt in the youngest eruptions. Ten tephra layers of the first category have distinct field characteristics: a pale lower unit and a dark upper unit (two coloured or TC-layers). Colour separation is sharp indicating a stratified magma chamber origin. The lower unit is dominantly andesitic (61–63% SiO₂), while the upper unit is basaltic andesite (53–57% SiO₂). Volumes of the eight largest TC-layers range from 0.2 to 0.7 km³ as freshly fallen. Radiocarbon and soil accumulation rate dates constrain the TC-layers to between 3000 and 2200 years ago. Two of these (~2890 and ~2920 b2k) are likely to occur overseas. Low SiO₂ in the last erupted tephra of the TC-layers is comparable to that of historical Hekla lavas, implying a final effusive phase. The Hekla edifice may, consequently, be younger than 3000 years.  相似文献   

Water mining from the deep critical zone by apple trees growing on loess     

Huijie Li  Bingcheng Si  Pute Wu  Jeffrey J. McDonnell 《水文研究》2019,33(2):320-327

There have been significant recent advances in understanding the ecohydrology of deep soil. However, the links between root development and water usage in the deep critical zone remains poorly understood. To clarify the interaction between water use and root development in deep soil, we investigated soil water and root profiles beyond maximum rooting depth in five apple orchards planted on farmland with stand ages of 8, 11, 15, 18, and 22 years in a subhumid region on the Chinese Loess Plateau. Apple trees rooted progressively deeper for water with increasing stand age and reached 23.2 ± 0.8 m for the 22‐year‐old trees. Soil water deficit in deep soil increased with tree age and was 1,530 ± 43 mm for a stand age of 22 years. Measured root deepening rate was far great than the reported pore water velocity, which demonstrated that trees are mining resident old water. The deficits are not replenished during the life‐span of the orchard, showing a one‐way mining of the critical zone water. The one‐way root water mining may have changed the fine root profile from an exponential pattern in the 8‐year‐old orchard to a relative uniform distribution in older orchards. Our findings enhance our understanding of water‐root interaction in deep soil and reveal the unintended consequences of critical zone dewatering during the lifespan of apple trees.  相似文献   

冈底斯中段容果地区二长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其地球化学特征     

胡林  徐刚  刘大明 《中国地质调查》2020,7(4):67-75

为确定容果地区二长花岗岩的形成时代、成因及其地质意义,对容果地区二长花岗岩进行了岩相学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及地球化学研究。结果表明: 二长花岗岩中的锆石为岩浆成因,²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄加权平均值为(69±1) Ma,侵入时代属于晚白垩世; 二长花岗岩中Al₂O₃含量为13.83%~14.41%,Na₂O含量为3.68%~3.94%,K₂O含量为4.28%~4.35%, K₂O/Na₂O为1.08~1.18,相对富钾,铝饱和指数A/CNK平均为1.02,属弱过铝质岩石; 微量元素特征表现为相对富集Rb、U、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素的特征。结合区域构造演化背景,可得出在80~69 Ma之间,该区的岩浆活动并未停止,仍然持续在发生,所生成的岩体是新特提斯洋壳俯冲的岩浆产物,形成于造山环境下,形成过程贯穿整个造山运动。  相似文献   

安徽黄梅尖地区基性岩脉K-Ar年代学、地球化学特征及地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

杨彪  王正其  肖金根  曹达旺 《华东地质》2020,(1):27-35

在野外地质调查和室内综合研究的基础上,通过对黄梅尖地区辉绿玢岩K-Ar年代学、地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素特征进行研究,探讨辉绿玢岩的形成时代、岩石成因及构造背景。K-Ar年代学研究表明,辉绿玢岩形成于~107 Ma,是早白垩世岩浆活动的产物,形成时代晚于该地区火山岩和侵入岩,与该地区铀成矿年龄基本一致;辉绿玢岩的侵入可能是该地区岩浆作用的最后一幕,铀成矿可能与辉绿玢岩具有成因联系。地球化学特征表明,辉绿玢岩富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb、U、Pb和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti,具有较高的Isr值和负εNd(t)值,具有富集地幔源区特征;辉绿玢岩是在地壳伸展和岩石圈减薄的构造背景下,由俯冲交代作用形成的富集地幔部分熔融形成的,表明~107 Ma时该地区仍处于伸展构造环境下。  相似文献   

Snowpack disrupts relationship between young water fraction and isotope amplitude ratio; approximately one fifth of mountain streamflow less than one year old     

Éowyn M. S. Campbell  Igor Pavlovskii  M. Cathryn Ryan 《水文研究》2020,34(25):4762-4775

Previous “fraction of young water” (F_yw) estimates based on relative annual isotopic amplitudes in precipitation (A_p) and streamflow (A_s) produced low F_yw values in mountain catchments, which is contrary to extensive research that reports rapid water transmission in mountains. This study investigated this discrepancy by testing the effect of snow accumulation on the model that underpins the F_yw method. A Monte-Carlo analysis of simulations for 20,000 randomly-generated catchment model configurations used 10 years of precipitation inputs for the Upper Elbow River catchment in the Rocky Mountains (Alberta, Canada) to model discharge with and without snowpack storage of winter precipitation. Neither direct nor modified precipitation input produced a 1:1 relationship between A_s/A_p and F_yw, undermining the applicability of the original F_yw method in mountain watersheds with large seasonal snow accumulation. With snowpack-modified input a given A_s/A_p ratio corresponds to a range of F_yw values, which can still provide semi-quantitative information. In the small (435 km²) Elbow River catchment a F_yw range of 7–23% supports previous findings of rapid transmission in mountain catchments. Further analysis showed that the improved discharge prediction (Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency > 0.9) correlates with higher F_yw values and demonstrated that the interannual shifts in δ¹⁸O can be used to estimate of new water (<1 year) fraction in winter streamflow, and the estimate of 20% for the Elbow River further supports rapid transmission in mountain catchments.  相似文献   

台湾海峡西部海域沉积体系、地层架构与油气勘探前景          下载免费PDF全文

杜文波  黄文凯  朱红涛  张璐  Jakub Miluch 《中国地质》2020,47(5):1542-1553

基于台湾海峡西部新采集的高分辨率二维地震资料及钻井数据，结合区域地质资料和前人研究成果，建立台湾海峡西部高精度等时地层格架，在此基础上厘定了地质年代属性和沉积相特征分析。研究表明第四纪地层识别出6个三级层序界面，对应地划分为5个三级层序。研究区地震相主要有席状平行—亚平行地震相、前积地震相、下切谷充填地震相、充填状低连续地震相和充填状杂乱地震相等，不同的地震相及其组合代表特定的沉积体系。通过以上分析可知研究区新生代主要发育于海陆过渡地带，主要发育冲积/洪积平原相和滨岸平原相，在此基础上分析沉积演化特征，为台湾海峡西部海域进行精细勘探提供地质依据，这对将来的油气勘探具有重要的指导意义。  相似文献   

榍石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年中元素分馏的影响及校正研究     

靳梦琪  李艳广  王鹏  汪双双  黎卫亮 《岩矿测试》2020,39(2):274-284

同位素地质年代学是探索地质体时空演化及地球动力学等问题的基础学科,应用最为广泛的当属含铀副矿物的U-Pb定年技术。榍石具有相对较低的U-Pb体系封闭温度,并广泛发育于岩浆岩、各类变质岩、热液成因岩石以及少量沉积岩中,是一种理想的中高温地质事件定年矿物。利用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定榍石U-Pb年龄时,不可避免地要解决高普通铅以及元素分馏效应对测试的影响。本文对榍石LA-ICP-MS实验过程中的元素分馏行为进行研究,采用相同基体的标准样品与未知样品对比,发现了榍石不同颗粒之间元素分馏行为不一致的现象;同时采用不同的元素分馏校正方法,分别应用于锆石、独居石和榍石进行对比研究,认为分馏行为一致的副矿物定年可以采用"指数法"和"均值法"对数据进行校正,但是对于榍石这种分馏行为不一致的副矿物,定年时只有采用"截距法"对数据进行校正才可以获得正确的年龄。进而将此结论应用于秦岭造山带老牛山地区岩浆成因榍石样品,得到的结果与锆石年龄一致,表明"截距法"可以避免分馏行为不一致导致的校正不准确的问题。本研究成果为榍石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年方法的完善提供了一种思路。  相似文献   

华北板块北缘勃隆克A型花岗岩锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义     

李春麟  王宗秀  陶涛 《地质通报》2020,(1):40-50

内蒙古翁牛特旗勃隆克岩体位于华北板块北缘,侵位于上侏罗系火山岩地层中。详细的岩相学研究显示,勃隆克花岗岩具有粒状结构、蠕虫结构和文像结构,块状构造,部分斜长石已绢云母化、泥化。对勃隆克花岗岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,获得134.0±1.8Ma和134.9±4.1Ma的侵位年龄,表明其形成于早白垩世。地球化学特征显示,花岗岩属于高钾钙碱性系列,有较高的SO2(74.1%~75.6%)、Na2O+K2O(8.98%~9.2%)、Rb(210×10-6~225×10-6)含量和10000×Ga/Al(2.69~2.80)、Rb/Sr(5.8~18.9)值,具有较低的CaO、MgO、Ba和Sr含量。铝饱和指数A/CNK=0.99~1.03,属于偏铝质或过铝质A型花岗岩。稀土元素球粒陨石标准化图解显示,轻稀土元素相对富集,负Eu异常明显;在原始地幔标准化图解上,Ba、Sr、Nb、Ta、P、T强烈亏损,富集Rb、Th、K、Hf等元素,与华北板块北缘早白垩世A型花岗岩类似。结合区域构造演化,认为勃隆克花岗岩形成于伸展构造背景。晚中生代,华北板块北缘构造体制经历了重大的转变,地壳从挤压体制转为岩石圈减薄和地壳伸展体制,软流圈物质上涌导致上覆地壳长英质物质的部分熔融形成勃隆克A型花岗岩。  相似文献   

大兴安岭满归地区变中酸性火山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义     

李中会  李睿杰  李阳  沙环宇 《中国地质调查》2020,7(1):47-52

对大兴安岭满归地区新元古界—下寒武统大网子组变中酸性火山岩进行锆石U-Pb同位素年代学研究,探讨其形成时代及地质意义。大网子组由变安山岩、变英安岩、变流纹岩和少量变晶屑凝灰岩组成,缺少板岩、变砂岩、片岩等沉积岩夹层。通过对变安山岩进行锆石U-Pb同位素年龄测定,获得其锆石²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U加权平均年龄为(199±1) Ma,表明大网子组变中酸性火山岩形成于早侏罗世早期,非前人认为的形成于新元古代—早寒武世。额尔古纳地块早侏罗世火山岩为漠河盆地提供了物源,表明额尔古纳地块在早侏罗世处于火山-岩浆弧构造背景。该研究为蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合过程中的地球动力学研究提供了新资料。  相似文献